Mechanical properties and immunotherapeutic effects of dissolving microneedles with different drug loadings based on hyaluronic acid

Improving vaccine immunity and reducing antigen usage are major challenges in the clinical application of vaccines. Microneedles have been proven to be painless, minimally invasive, highly efficient, good patient compliance. Compared with traditional transdermal drug delivery, it can effectively deliver a large-molecular-weight into skin, resulting corresponding immune response. However, few studies examined relationship between microneedle loading dose effects. In this study, hyaluronic acid (HA) conical pyramidal dissolving microneedles were prepared by two-step vacuum drying method, respectively. The model ovalbumin (OVA) was added HA prepare different amounts. mass ratios OVA 5:1, 5:3, 5:5. mechanical properties characterized using nanoindentation vitro puncture studies. effects matrix content studied Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Finally, diffusion behavior binding mode simulated Materials Studio Autodocking software. experimental results showed that exhibited better properties. When ratio effect improved 37.01% compared subcutaneous injection, achieved relatively fewer drugs. This conclusion is consistent molecular simulations. study provides theoretical support for efficacy loadings.